Pope Francis is one of the most influential religious leaders of the 21st century. Known for his humility, reformist zeal, and global outreach, he has significantly transformed the papacy. His election was not only a moment of historical significance for the Catholic Church but also marked a turning point in the direction of global Catholic leadership.
Photo Credit: NPR
This article seeks to answer the question: When was Pope Francis elected? However, to fully understand the scope and meaning of this moment, we must delve deeper into the circumstances that led to his election, the processes involved, and the immediate and long-term implications of his rise to the papacy.
We explore the events leading up to his election, including Pope Benedict XVI’s historic resignation, the conclave process, and the dramatic unveiling of the new Pope to the world. We will also discuss why Jorge Mario Bergoglio was selected and the transformative impact his election had on the Church.
Read Also: Biography of Pope Francis: Wife, Daughter, Net Worth & Death
Contents
Background: The Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI
In an unprecedented move in modern history, Pope Benedict XVI resigned from the papacy, citing declining health and advanced age. His resignation was announced on February 11, 2013, and became effective on February 28, 2013. This was the first time in nearly 600 years that a pope had stepped down; the last instance was that of Pope Gregory XII in 1415.
Reasons for Resignation
Pope Benedict, then 85 years old, stated that he no longer had the strength to fulfil the duties of the papal office. His papacy had been marked by a number of challenges, including the sexual abuse scandals, financial issues in the Vatican Bank, and internal discord within the Church hierarchy.
Canon Law on Papal Resignation
Under Canon 332 §2 of the Code of Canon Law, a pope may resign, provided the resignation is made freely and properly manifested. The law does not require acceptance by any other ecclesiastical authority.
Global and Vatican Reaction
The resignation sent shockwaves around the world. Many lauded Benedict for his humility and honesty, while others expressed concern about the future of the Church. The decision set in motion the traditional Sede Vacante (“vacant seat”) period, during which preparations for a new conclave began.
The Sede Vacante Period
Definition and Meaning
Sede Vacante, Latin for “the seat being vacant,” is the term used when the papal office is unoccupied, whether by death or resignation. It is a time of both mourning and administrative transition in the Catholic Church.
Role of the Camerlengo
During this time, the Camerlengo, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, was responsible for managing the Church’s temporal affairs. His duties included verifying the vacancy of the papal office, sealing the Pope’s private apartments, and preparing for the conclave.
Preparations for the Conclave
The College of Cardinals convened in General Congregations to discuss the challenges facing the Church and the qualities needed in the next Pope. Logistical preparations included sealing off the Sistine Chapel to ensure secrecy and arranging accommodations for the cardinals at the Domus Sanctae Marthae.
Spiritual and Political Atmosphere
There was a palpable sense of urgency and reflection within the Vatican. With scandals looming and faith waning in parts of the world, the cardinals faced the enormous task of choosing a leader who could restore credibility, unity, and spiritual vigour.
The 2013 Papal Conclave
When Was the Conclave Held?
The 2013 conclave was convened on March 12, 2013, and lasted until March 13, 2013. This relatively short duration indicated a strong consensus among the cardinal electors.
Participants
A total of 115 cardinal electors, all under the age of 80, participated. These cardinals came from every continent, reflecting the Church’s global presence. Many had been appointed by either John Paul II or Benedict XVI.
The Voting Process
The conclave process is secret and sacred. It is held in the Sistine Chapel, under tight security.
- Cardinals vote in a series of ballots.
- Ballots are burned after each vote. Black smoke signals no decision, while white smoke announces a successful election.
On the evening of March 13, after the fifth ballot, white smoke emerged from the chimney, signifying that a new pope had been elected.
Read Also: How Did Pope Francis Pass Away: Date of Death and Legacy
When Was Pope Francis Elected?
The question at the heart of this article is: When was Pope Francis elected? The answer: March 13, 2013.
Time of Election
The white smoke appeared at approximately 7:06 PM CET. Thousands gathered in St. Peter’s Square in anticipation.
Announcement: “Habemus Papam”
Shortly after, Cardinal Jean-Louis Tauran appeared on the balcony of St. Peter’s Basilica and proclaimed the traditional announcement:
“Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum; habemus Papam!”
“I announce to you a great joy; we have a Pope!”
Name Chosen: Francis
The newly elected Pope chose the name Francis, honouring St. Francis of Assisi, known for his poverty, humility, and love for nature. This was the first time a pope had used the name.
Historical Firsts
- First Jesuit Pope
- First Pope from Latin America (Argentina)
- First non-European Pope in over 1,200 years
These milestones made his election one of the most historic in Church history.
Why Was Jorge Mario Bergoglio Elected?
Reputation as the Archbishop of Buenos Aires
Bergoglio was known for his humility, refusal to live in a bishop’s palace, and commitment to serving the poor. He often used public transportation and was regarded as deeply spiritual and accessible.
Simplicity and Humility
He was a man who led by example, living modestly and focusing on social justice. These traits made him appealing at a time when the Church faced criticism for perceived opulence and detachment.
Reformist Credentials
With the Vatican plagued by the VatiLeaks scandal, financial issues, and sexual abuse crises, Bergoglio was seen as a candidate capable of leading reforms and restoring credibility.
Theological Balance
Though doctrinally conservative, Bergoglio was pastoral in approach. He upheld traditional teachings but emphasised mercy, inclusivity, and compassion.
Wide Appeal
He could appeal to both conservative and progressive cardinals. His global South background also reflected the growing demographic shift in global Catholicism.
Global Reaction to His Election
Enthusiastic Crowds
Thousands cheered in St. Peter’s Square when Pope Francis appeared on the balcony. His first words, asking the crowd to pray for him, touched the hearts of people worldwide.
Latin American Pride
In his home continent, Catholics celebrated the arrival of their first papal representative. Governments and religious communities across Latin America praised his humility and the honour brought to the region.
Jesuit Community’s Reaction
As the first Jesuit pope, his election was a monumental moment for the Society of Jesus. Jesuits worldwide welcomed the election as a testament to their order’s spiritual tradition.
World Leaders’ Responses
Leaders across the religious and political spectrums extended congratulations. Many noted the symbolism of his name choice and applauded his focus on humility and unity.
Media Coverage
Media around the globe hailed the election as historic and transformative. Headlines emphasised his “firsts,” his humble background, and his potential to renew the Church.
Early Acts as Pope
First Appearance
Pope Francis’s debut on the balcony was understated and heartfelt. Instead of blessing the people first, he asked for their prayers—an inversion of tradition that signalled a new tone.
Refusal of Papal Apartments
He chose to live in Casa Santa Marta, the Vatican guesthouse, instead of the traditional Apostolic Palace, underscoring his commitment to humility.
Simpler Vestments
During his first appearance, he wore a simple white cassock without the red mozzetta or golden cross traditionally worn by new popes.
Personal Touch
He began making personal phone calls to individuals, including ordinary Catholics and religious leaders, signalling a personal approach to the papacy.
First Mass and Message
In his first Mass with the cardinal electors, he emphasised service, prayer, and the responsibility of leadership. His message centred on mercy and humility.
Legacy of the 2013 Election
Redefining the Papacy
Francis reimagined the role of the Pope, not as a monarch, but as a servant leader. His election opened the doors to a more relatable and pastoral papacy.
Long-term Impact
His focus on issues like climate change, migrant rights, and poverty expanded the Church’s role in global justice.
Reforms and Governance
He initiated reforms in the Roman Curia, promoted financial transparency, and established commissions to handle sexual abuse cases.
Shift in Global Catholicism
By electing a pope from the Global South, the Church acknowledged its shifting demographics and the importance of non-European perspectives.
Symbolic and Spiritual Influence
March 13, 2013, became a spiritual milestone for many Catholics who saw in Pope Francis a return to the Church’s roots of simplicity and compassion.
Conclusion
To answer the question once more: When was Pope Francis elected? The precise date is March 13, 2013. But this moment was far more than a date—it was a transformational event in the history of the Catholic Church.
Pope Francis’s election signified change, hope, and a renewed focus on humility, justice, and inclusivity. His early actions, background, and global appeal quickly distinguished him as a pope of the people. The significance of that moment continues to resonate, not only in religious circles but in the broader human community.
As the Church and the world look to the future, the legacy of March 13, 2013, endures as a symbol of spiritual renewal and global unity through faith.
Shehu Suleiman Kayode is a decent SEO writer, poet and opinion writer on national happenings. His opinions have featured in some Nigerian National Dailies, including The Nation, PUNCH, The Ravens, and others.
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